Economics
COURSES
108 QUANTITATIVE THINKING FOR POLICY ANALYSIS (Same as
Mathematics 108)
Students will learn related approaches to collecting,
interpreting, and presenting quantitative information in the context of
specific public policy issues such as immigration, globalization,
discrimination, health care, and environmental issues. The course will
build on familiar numerical, statistical, and logical skills. No
prerequisites. Every semester. (4 credits)
110 INVESTMENTS
The primary goal of this course is to enable students
to become informed and intelligent investors in the area of stocks, bonds,
and mutual funds. We will also attempt to answer the question: Is it
possible to predict changes in stock prices or are they determined only by
random events? Other topics covered include ethical investing,
international investing, and green investing. Emphasis will be on group
learning, oral presentations, and the case study approach. This course is
intended for non-economics majors and does not count for credit toward an
economics major. Offered every year. (4 credits)
113 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Accounting is the language of business. One of the
objectives of this course is to learn that “language.” The
emphasis will be on understanding financial statements both for profit and
non-profit organizations. International accounting, ethics and investment
decisions are also covered. This course is designed for students who desire
an understanding of the elements of accounting as a component of a liberal
arts education as well as for those who would like to study further in
accounting or business. No prerequisite. Every semester. (4 credits)
119 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
A one-semester introduction to the basic tools of
micro- and macroeconomic analysis. Microeconomics deals with consumers,
firms, markets and income distribution. Macroeconomics deals with national
income, employment, inflation and money. No prerequisite. Every semester.
(4 credits)
201 INTERNSHIP SEMINAR
The internship seminar is recommended as a companion course for students taking an internship through the Economics department. The course is designed to help assure that the theories, principles, and concepts developed in academic work are effectively integrated with the internship experience. The course will use a combination of in-class readings and discussions to allow students to reflect on their own career aspirations as a result of the internship experience as well as to learn from the experiences of other students in the seminar. The goals of the course include supporting students during the internship, analyzing the challenges posed by an internship, and providing success strategies, and developing take-aways from the internship program that help students plan remaining coursework and career preparation. Prerequisite: Economics 113 or 119. Every spring. (2 credits)
210 BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS
This course is intended to help students improve their own critical communication skills and explore how those skills can be best applied in business situations. Students will polish writing skills, with sessions that focus on resumes, cover letters, and everyday business communications like email. Students will learn best practices of effective presentations and will deliver several powerpoint presentations in class. The course will use the case method to review real corporate communication issues, such as crisis management, interpersonal communications challenges, negotiation simulations and the like. Prerequisite: Economics 113 or 119. (4 credits)
221 INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
This course explores the theoretical foundations and
empirical realities of international trade flows, commercial policies
(tariffs, quotas, etc.) and international finance. The course emphasizes
the welfare implications of international trade and commercial policies and
links these to discussion of disputes over international trade agreements.
The international finance portion of the course covers the foreign exchange
market, balance of payments analysis and an introduction to open economy
macroeconomics. Recommended for students majoring in international studies.
Prerequisite: Economics 119. Every year. (4 credits)
225 COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS (Same as
International Studies 225)
This course examines the workings of economic systems
from the perspective of the incentives facing the firm and consumer. The
course provides an introduction to the economics of information and
organization which is used to evaluate resource allocation under the
specific institutional environment of different economic systems. Our
understanding of the incentive system is then used to evaluate the overall
economic system. The focus of the course is primarily on the U.S. economy,
Japan and the former Soviet Union/Russia. As time permits the course may
examine China, Germany and Central Europe. Prerequisite: Economics 119.
Offered every year. (4 credits)
227 ADAM SMITH AND KARL MARX
The objective of this course is to study the lives and
the original writings of two of the most important scholars in the history
of economic thought. Adam Smith, the patron saint of laissez-faire
capitalism, was the founding father of modern economics, as well as the
intellectual predecessor of Marx. Marx’s historical and political
vision embraced an equally large panorama. Prerequisite: Economics 119.
Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
231 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY (Same as
Environmental Studies 231)
This course analyzes the economics of public policy
toward the environment. It examines the problem of market failure in the
presence of externalities and public goods, and considers policy responses
to these market failures, including command-and-control regulations, tax
and subsidy incentives, and marketable pollution permits. These policies
are examined in the context of, for example, urban air pollution, ozone
depletion and global warming, water pollution, municipal and hazardous
waste, threats to biodiversity, and economic development. Particular
attention is paid to methods of quantifying the benefits and costs of
environmental protection. Prerequisite: Economics 119. Offered every year.
(4 credits)
242 ECONOMICS OF GENDER (Same as Women’s,
Gender, and Sexuality Studies 242)
This course uses economic theory to explore how gender
differences lead to different economic outcomes for men and women, both
within families and in the marketplace. Topics include applications of
economic theory to 1) aspects of family life including marriage,
cohabitation, fertility, and divorce, and 2) the interactions of men and
women in firms and in markets. The course will combine theory, empirical
work, and analysis of economic policies that affect men and women
differently. Prerequisite: Economics 119. Offered every year. (4 credits)
252 ECONOMICS OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT
This course focuses on the economics of not-for-profit
institutions. The course will deal with both underlying theoretical
concepts and their applicability to Macalester College. Indeed, the college
will provide the framework for the course. Using the tools of economic
analysis acquired in the Principles course, we will examine the
mission/purpose/aims of the college and how they relate to governance (the
interplay between the Board of Trustees, the President and his/her staff,
the various faculty/staff committees, students, and other constituencies);
planning and goal setting; resource allocation (both operating and capital
budgets); the interplay between human capital, financial capital, and
physical capital; agency matters and incentives; and the issues that must
be confronted in deciding whether to spend more from the endowment now vs
later. We will also study how not-for-profits tend to self-evaluate their
progress and how external evaluating methodologies (eg U.S.News) might
influence all of the above. Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
256 INTRODUCTION TO INVESTMENT BANKING
This course will provide a one semester overview of
investment banks. The role of equity capital markets, debt capital markets,
research, sales and trading, and investment banking will be covered. Basic
corporate finance techniques will be introduced. Current financial issues
in the business world will be reviewed. Classroom work, case studies, and
outside speakers will be utilized. The key objectives of this course are
for students to obtain a solid understanding of the various disciplines
within the investment banking field and to prepare themselves for
interviews and internships. The course is well suited for students who are
contemplating a career in investment banking, banking, or corporate
finance. Prerequisites: Economics 113 and Economics 119. Offered every
fall. (4 credits)
269 ECONOMICS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION (Same as
International Studies 269 and Latin American Studies 269)
This course will examine the global movement of people
through an economic lens. This course studies the impact that emigration
has on the economy of the home country, such as brain drain and population
change, the historic role that migration has played in economic
development, and finally the effect that immigration has on
immigrant-receiving countries. The various economic issues in the current
immigration debate in the United States will be analyzed including the
economic assimilation of immigrants, and the impact of immigration on
native born workers. Prerequisites: Economics 119. Offered every other
year. (4 credits)
323 ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING IN LATIN AMERICA (Same as
International Studies 323 and Latin American Studies 323)
This course uses economic principles to examine the
transition from Import Substitution Industrialization to trade
liberalization in Latin America. The goal of the course is to understand
the economic antecedents to free trade as well as the resulting impact on
workers and resource allocation. The course also addresses peripheral
aspects of economic restructuring, such as the drug trade, migration, and
the maquiladora industry. Requires an Economics 200 level course, Economics
221 preferred. Offered every year. (4 credits)
325 CHINA, RUSSIA AND CENTRAL EUROPE IN TRANSITION
(Same as International Studies 325)
This course surveys the theoretic and empirical
literature on Soviet-style central planning and the transition to a market
economy. The economic history of central planning is examined with emphasis
on the experience of the Soviet Union and its variants in Eastern Europe
and China. The tool of analysis is the branch of economics known as the
economics of organization and information, which will be used to analyze
the operation, strengths, and limitations of central planning. The legacy
of central planning forms the backdrop for an examination of the transition
to a market economy. Prerequisites: Economics 119 and one 200s level
Economics course; Economics 221 or 225 are recommended. Offered alternate
years.(4 credits)
333 ECONOMICS OF GLOBAL FOOD PROBLEMS (Same as Environmental Studies 333 and International Studies 333)
This course will examine food distribution, production, policy, and hunger issues from an economics perspective. It explores and compares food and agriculture issues in both industrialized and developing countries. Basic economic tools will be applied to provide an analytical understanding of these issues. Topics such as hunger and nutrition, US farm policy, food distribution, food security, food aid, biotechnology and the Green Revolution, the connection between food production and health outcomes, as well as other related themes will be explored in depth throughout the semester. Prerequistes: Economic 119 and one 200-level Economics course. Offered every other spring semester. (4 credits)
342 ECONOMICS OF POVERTY IN THE US
This course focuses on the economic aspects of poverty
and inequality in the United States. The course utilizes economic theory
and empirical research to analyze the determinants of, and potential
strategies to overcome poverty and inequality. Topics include measurement
and trends of poverty and inequality, labor markets, education,
discrimination, residential segregation, and immigration. The course also
investigates the role of public policy in fighting poverty and inequality.
Prerequisites: Economics 119, and one Economics 200 level course. Offered
every year. (4 credits)
353 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
Planning is the key to business success. How do firms
plan for the future? Setting objectives and budgets. Evaluating and
rewarding employee performance. Controlling inventory, cash budgeting, and
capital budgeting. Extensive use of case studies and group work.
Prerequisite: Economics 113 or permission of instructor. Offered every
year. (4 credits)
356 CAPITAL MARKETS
The structure, operation, regulation and economic role
of financial markets and institutions; fundamental security analysis and
present-value techniques; forecasts of earnings and analysis of yields on
stocks and bonds; the portfolio theory and characteristic lines, betas
and mutual-fund ratings; futures and options markets. Prerequisites:
Economics 113 and 119. Offered every year. (4 credits)
358 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITIES ANALYSIS
This course will primarily focus on equity securities analysis (stocks) from the perspective of institutional (Wall Stree) investors. Topics will include industry analysis and forecasting, financial statement analysis, fundamental company analysis and valuation methods. Students will form industry groups and will each research a company in that industry. Students will build complete historical and projected financial statement models in Excel. The end product of the course will be a company report written by each student. Prerequisites: Economics 113 and 256. (4 credits)
361 INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Methodology of economic science; theory of consumer
behavior; theory of the firm; market structure and price determination;
factor markets and income distribution; general equilibrium analysis; market failure.
Prerequisites: Economics 119, one Economics 200 level course, and Math 135
or 237. Not open to first-year students except by permission of the
instructor. Every semester. (4 credits)
371 INTERMEDIATE MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS
This course develops in detail theories of the
determination of national income, employment and the price level. The
foundations and mechanics of neo-classical and Keynesian models of the
aggregate economy are studied and modern syntheses of these approaches are
explored. Considerable attention will be paid to current behavior of the
national economy. Prerequisites: Economics 119, 361 (or permission of the
instructor), and Math 135 or 237. Every semester. (4 credits)
381 INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMETRICS
This course investigates the methods economists use to
test theories and conduct economic forecasts. This course will provide the
student with the ability to design, conduct, and evaluate empirical work in
economics and other social sciences. The primary focus of the course is on
the final project that consists of a research paper that will integrate
library research, economic theory, and econometric analysis. The course
will take a “hands on” approach as much as possible with weekly
use of the microcomputer in class. Prerequisites: Economics 119, any
Economics course in the 200s, Math 135 or 237 and Math 153 or 154 or 155.
Every semester. (4 credits)
422 INTERNATIONAL MACROECONOMICS AND FINANCE
This is a course in open economy macroeconomics and
international finance. Special emphasis is placed on the causes and
consequences of the international financial system’s evolution. The
four major international monetary regimes of the twentieth century—the classical gold standard, the
interwar gold-exchange standard, the Bretton Woods System, and the
floating-rate dollar standard—are
explored in chronological order as well as attempts at monetary union in
Europe. Topics examined include: 1) exchange rate determination, 2) balance
of payments, 3) macroeconomic adjustment, and 4) international monetary
institutions. Case studies are used extensively. Prerequisites: Economics
361 and 371. This course will count towards the capstone. Offered alternate
years. (4 credits).
424 EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION
This course provides an in-depth look at current issues
in international trade. The course begins with a more rigorous examination
of both classical and “new” trade theories. Then, we explore
empirical tests of trade theories, models of outsourcing and production
fragmentation, and the literature relating trade and the environment. We
also examine the debates over the effect of trade on wages, multilateral
versus bilateral trade negotiations, and the relationship between trade and
growth. Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371, and 381. This course will count
towards the capstone. Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
426 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
This course will apply the tools of economic analysis
to gain an understanding of economic development problems and their
solutions. Patterns of economic development in an historical and dynamic
context will be examined. The central role of agriculture and the problem
of technological change in agriculture will also be examined. Other topics
will include neo-classical growth models, domestic and international
economic policies, international trade, foreign aid, external debt,
technology transfer, rural-urban migration and income distribution.
Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371, and 381. This course will count towards
the capstone. Offered every year. (4 credits)
431 PUBLIC FINANCE
This course examines the economics of government
policy, focusing on taxation and expenditures. It relies on theoretical and
empirical research to explore how government affects the allocation of
resources and the distribution of income and to characterize optimal
government policy. The first portion of the course considers government
policy in the presence of public goods or externalities (such as pollution
or spillovers from public education) and analyzes the effect of social
security and social welfare programs on labor supply, savings, income
distribution, and government revenue. The second portion focuses on the
distributional burdens of taxation, optimal commodity and income taxation,
and current tax debates. Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371, and 381. This
course will count towards the capstone. Offered every year. (4 credits)
442 LABOR ECONOMICS
This course uses theoretical and empirical research to
examine the economics of work from both the point of view of the firm and
the worker. Economic tools will be used to analyze some of the important
issues relevant to labor economics, such as labor force participation, the
division of labor within the household, occupational choice, investments in
education, minimum wage legislation, wage elasticities, employment-hours
tradeoff, labor market discrimination, unions, and job search.
Prerequisites: Economics 361 and 381. This course will count towards the
capstone. Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
444 HONORS SEMINAR
An honors seminar to enhance the senior capstone
requirement. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor required. Offered every
fall. (4 credits)
457 FINANCE
This course concentrates on developing and applying
economic principles to the decision making process of the firm. Typically
the course is taught from the viewpoint of the financial manager of a firm
(profit or non-profit). Traditional corporate finance topics will be
covered, including: cash flow management, sources of capital, capital
budgeting, cost of capital, and financial structure. Recent theoretical
developments in the capital asset pricing model and portfolio theory also
will be examined. Actual case studies of financial decision making often
are included in the course. Prerequisites: Economics 113, 361 and 381. This
course does not count towards the capstone. Offered every year. (4 credits)
461 SELECTED TOPICS IN MICROECONOMICS
This course will extend the subject matter of
Intermediate Microeconomics, considering both theory and selected
applications in four broad areas: (1) Extensions of the theory of choice to
considerations of risk and uncertainty, the expected utility hypothesis,
and the economics of information; (2) Extensions of the competitive market
model to examine the supply of exhaustible resources, airline regulation
and deregulation, and rent controls; (3) Extensions of simple,
undifferentiated oligopoly theory to examine product differentiation, game
theory, and contestable markets; and (4) Extensions of the theory of factor
markets to study discrimination in the labor market, the negative income
tax, and the incidence of the social security payroll tax. Prerequisites:
Economics 361, 371 and 381. This course will count towards the capstone.
Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
481 ADVANCED ECONOMETRICS
This course will introduce advanced topics in applied
econometrics. Among other topics, it will examine limited dependent
variable models, vector autoregression and advanced time series techniques,
simultaneous equations models and the econometrics of panel data
estimation. Although the emphasis will be on applied work, the course will
also examine the underlying mathematical structure of these estimation
methods. Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371, 381 and Math 135 or 137 and
Math 236, or consent of instructor. This course will count towards the
capstone. Offered alternate years. (4 credits)
485 EMPIRICAL FINANCE
This course concentrates on applying econometric
techniques and computer programming to empirically test major financial
theories. The econometric techniques used in the class include but are not
restricted to OLS, GLS, GMM, Maximum Likelihood method, Nonparametric
method, panel data models (random effect model, fixed effect model, pooled
regression etc.), time series models (VAR, ARMA, ARMAX, GARCH etc.). Main
programming language used in the class is Matlab, while R and STATA may
also be used occasionally. Major finance topics tested in the class include
market efficiency, portfolio theory, stock selection models, market
microstructure, anomalies in the financial markets, calendar effects etc.
Prerequisites: Economics 381, Math 135 or 137 and Math 236. Offered
alternate years. (4 credits)
490 BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS and EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
This course surveys recent developments in behavioral
economics and considers applications in labor economics, macroeconomics,
finance, public finance, consumer choice, and other areas. Our goal is to
draw on recent work in cognitive and evolutionary psychology to better
understand human behavior and incorporate these insights into neoclassical
reasoning and modeling. Prerequisites: Economics 361 and 371. Offered
alternate years. (4 credits)
614 INDEPENDENT PROJECT
Further study in fields of special interest. Readings,
conferences, field work, reports. Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371, and
permission of the instructor. Every semester. (4 credits)
624 INTERNSHIP
Work that involves the student in practical off-campus
experiences with business, government, and non-profit organizations. S/NC
grading only. Prerequisites: two courses in economics, plus permission of
the instructor. While the department encourages students to undertake
meaningful off-campus experiences, internship credits do not count among
the eight minimum courses for the major. (Internships are considered like a
ninth or tenth course.) Every semester. (1–4 credits)
634 PRECEPTORSHIP
Work in assisting faculty in the planning and teaching
of a course and/or tutoring individual students. S/NC grading only.
Prerequisites: Economics 361, 371 and permission of the instructor. Every
semester. (4 credits)
644 HONORS INDEPENDENT
Independent research, writing, or other preparation
leading to the culmination of the senior honors project. Offered every
semester. (1–4 credits)
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