The people of Havana are mostly of Spanish ancestry. There is a large black minority. Few native Cubans are present because their populations were virtually wiped out in colonial time.

Historically, the city was ethnically divided. Those of Spanish and other European origins constituted the wealthy and educated, while the large working class was made up largely of blacks. After the Revolution, Fidel Castro vowed to change the system. Cubans of all ethnicities had educational and employment opportunities, whereas in the past the black population had access to only menial jobs. The government also began a no-discrimination housing policy. Reportedly, this policy has been implemented successfully over the last forty years. There are more minorities in top national and local governments, although there are still proportionaltely more people of European descent in the government. Castro's policies have not reached multitudes of minorities who are still living in poverty.

Havana's population is not extremely religious. Roman catholicism is the dominant religion and its influence can be seen in the city. The Jewish community is extremely small. Before the Revolution there were 50,000 Jews in Havana, most of whom had fled the Nazis. Most of them emigrated following Castro's takeover.

Havana is the cultural center of Cuba, with a wide range of cultural events and entertainment. There are multiple museums, the most famous of which is the Museum of the Revolution. The National Ballet of Cuba is very popular, often performing at official government events.

Havana's nightlife was famous on a global scale, but since the Revolution, it has calmed down a bit. However, there are still many nightclubs that are popular. Havana's most famous nightclub, the Tropicana, is known for its huge stage shows with scantily clad dancers. This club is still exists and is one of the most popular hotspots in Havana.

There are many holidays and festivals throughout the year in Havana, where people come together to celebrate their culture and traditions. The most famous of these events is Carnival, which takes place in July. An official parade takes place along the Malecon with plenty of singing and dancing. Havana is noted for its great music and art. Music has heavy Latin American and African influences. The Castro government has placed a special emphasis on developing culture, so things like music and art are highly valued.

Habaneros, like Cubans in general, love sports, particularly football (soccer) and baseball. There are about a dozen baseball teams in Havana, and multiple large stadiums for sporting events.