German Studies 294

Humanities-Cultural Studies 110

A.    Kiarina Kordela

Office Hours: M-W-F, 3:30-4:30,

and by appointment (HUM 208)

Email: kordela@macalester.edu,

Tel. x6524, home: (651) 644-9140

 

German Studies Topics

and

HCS Introduction:

 

How to Re-Appropriate Dead White Men:

 

Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Marx in Critical Theory and Films

 

 

Spring 2004, M—W—F, 2:20-3:20, HUM  215/HUM 401 (first class will be held in HUM 401)

Cross-listed with SOCI 294-03

 

Course Description.

Meant as both a topics course and an intro to cultural studies, this course requires absolutely no pre-knowledge on philosophy, critical theory or film theory, while being very rigorous and demanding. As such, this course requires instead a high motivation in learning and understanding—from the multiple perspective of both intellectual history and cultural studies, which foregrounds the ideological, social, and political function of concepts and other cultural artifacts—some of the central tenants of thought since the advent of modern secular capitalism in the seventeenth century, which continue to inform contemporary thought and culture. The course will introduce students to (or further their existing knowledge in) central theories (including philosophy, critical theory, literary theory, theory of ideology, film theory, and issues of otherness, whether racial or sexual) and methodologies involved in the analysis of theory itself, literature, and film, without the knowledge of which one cannot function as an informed, critical subject.

 

On a first level, the course is divided in four sections, corresponding to the names: Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Marx. These thinkers will be addressed in chronological order but simultaneously with contemporary commentaries and revisions of their work. On a second level, these four sections are supplemented by film and literary analysis.

 

 

 

 

READ THE COURSE GOALS, REQUIREMENTS, AND SUGGESTIONS CAREFULLY!

 

 

Course Goals, Requirements,

And Suggestions How to Meet Them

 

A. GOALS

 

In this course intends to cultivate the following abilities and skills:

B.    Critical examination of the presuppositions/preconditions of the discourse/text (epistemology)

1.     Critical examination of the conditions and the mode of the discourse/text (methodology and rhetoric)

1.     Analytic ability (to identify the same concept or logical structure in different texts/discourses) and synthetic ability (to combine different concepts and structures towards a further argument)

2.     Overcome intimidation by so-called difficult texts and theories

·      Critical reading of texts and ability to reconstruct their arguments in class

1.     Critical and productive dialogue on the texts

·      Comprehension and active use of different academic ‘languages.’

Competent academic writing.

 

B. REQUIREMENTS

 

Reading Assignments: In this course we do not read in order to memorize but to learn how to think critically about the texts we are reading. This does not mean that there are no concepts that we have to learn ‘by heart,’ so to speak, but that it is not worth learning them unless we really understand what they mean, how they have become possible, and perhaps necessary, what other concepts they cause as their effect, and how and with what consequences we can use them actively in our language.

·      Basic Step towards improving intellectual competence and critical ability: When you read, two things are imperative so that you gain something out of your reading: 1. Check unknown words in a dictionary, such as Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. 2. Check the argument of the text in terms of its logical consistency and coherence. If you do not follow the line of the argument—how, for example, the author proceeds from one sentence to another, linking two subjects that seem to you irrelevant—then, do not buy it! Either the argument is more sophisticated than you and, hence, you need to study, discuss, and analyze it in order to understand it, or the author is ‘cheating.’ Remember: Not everything printed is of true value but, on the other hand, not everything you do not understand is necessarily nonsense. You will have learned something by the end of the semester if you are able to tell which of the two is the case.

·      Rule of Thumb: You know that you have understood a text when you can ‘translate’ its, concepts, logic, thesis and/or arguments into your own everyday life.

·      Use the Syllabus as a Guideline in Your Reading: The syllabus is divided in “Thematic Units,” and these are often divided into subunits. The emphasis in the assigned reading and the direction of the class discussions is, particularly in the first part of the semester, also  indicated by a set of citations from the assigned reading or by key terms. These “Conceptual Units” and citations help you identify connections between the assigned texts and invite you to focus on specific concepts and lines of thought.

 

Oral/Aural and Written Requirements:

·      3x5" Index Cards: You must submit them at the beginning of each session (without my asking or reminding you). On these cards you will write: 1. Your name and the date. 2. At least one statement that expresses what, in your opinion, is the most important concept, issue, conclusion, concern, or logical structure in the reading assigned for that day. In this way, you also indicate a direction for discussion. Do not write on your index card questions on the reading! Such questions you should bring up in the class to be discussed. 3. You may also write your comments and suggestions about the way the class is/should be conducted.

·      Midterm Exam: Open-book exam on critical, analytical, and synthetic skills. You will receive a variety of questions from which you will select three to respond to. The exam will last two hours (F, 11. 2, 3:30-5:30). 

·      Final Test (OR, Final Paper): Same format as above.

·      Final Paper (OR, Final Test): 5-10 double-spaced pages, on a subject chosen by you in consultation with me, due: M, 12. 3, if you want to receive feedback from me and revise it, or due: F, 12. 14, with no chance to revise it. If you decide to revise your final paper, the revised version will be due on F, 12. 14. In preparation for the paper, after you have formed an idea of a paper topic and an argument, you may want to meet me individually to discuss it; if so, arrange a meeting with me after M, 11. 12. You all must write first an outline (due on W, 11. 21, if you plan to turn in your final paper by M, 12. 3, or on F, 11. 30, if you plan to turn it in by F, 12. 14), on which I will give you feedback, and then you will write your final paper.

·      Attendance and Participation in Class Discussion (More than three absences can result in a lower grade). Your participation in critical and productive dialogue reflects and refines not only your ability to read and view critically texts but also:

a) Your ability to be an active listener (listen and respond also to other students, ask them questions, etc.). Due to the specific material we are dealing with, I will have to lecture a lot, but you should feel free to interrupt and comment or ask questions at any time!!

b) Asking about words, concepts or arguments that are mentioned by others and you do not understand. Do so even if you have the impression that you are the only one who does not understand only because nobody else asks questions. Most likely this is a wrong impression, and everybody else is in the same situation to one extent or other.

·      Optional: Oral Presentation: You may make an oral presentation of the arguments of the assigned texts, their relations to other texts, and your comments on them. With this activity, you can improve your grade, but, above all, it is a very good exercise, particularly for those who plan to continue with graduate studies. You should have decided whether you want to give an oral presentation by W, 9. 19.

 

ATTENTION!!: In Case of Absence: If you miss a class, contact another student from this seminar to find out what we discussed on the day you missed and what I said about the reading assigned for the next time. When you show up on the next class day, you should have read the texts assigned for both, the day you missed and the day you are present. The course forms a thematic whole. Omission of some of the assigned texts and class discussions prevents you from following this thematic whole.

 

1.     OTHER SUGGESTIONS/COMMENTS

 

Office Hours: If in intellectual trouble or simply in need of ‘boosting transference,’ make use of my office hours (M-W-F, 1:15-2:10). (If you do not find me in my office during these hours, most likely I am outside one of the two entrances to the Humanities building.) But, feel also free to arrange a meeting at another hour, if these hours are not convenient for you. When you meet me, we may discuss also other aspects of the course and your relation to it. For instance, you may indicate to me your particular interests, or comment on the quality of our performances, and we can exchange suggestions for further improvement on both sides.

 

Communal Learning and Mutual Evaluation and Criticism: In this course we will constantly judge, evaluate, and learn from each other’s work. Everything we say or write during this course is not private property but public, available for any one to use productively. Your comments on the index cards or other written responses may be read also by your peers. They may comment on them and draw on them for their own writing. My comments on your writing will always be critical, trying to improve it even if it is already on a very competent level. There is no limit to good writing: we can always write better, and the better we write the more aware we are of how difficult it is. Similarly, there is no limit to good teaching. I encourage you to offer, and would honestly appreciate, any kind of criticism, including my approach to the texts, your writing, and our interaction in class. One of our further tasks in this course is to learn how to offer constructive and non-offensive feedback.

 

ALWAYS READ THE SYLLABUS CAREFULLY FOR ASSIGNED READINGS AND WRITINGS! I WILL MAKE SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEM ONLY IN ORDER TO MAKE CHANGES. OTHERWISE THE ASSIGNMENTS AS SPECIFIED ON THE SYLLABUS ARE TAKEN FOR GRANTED.

 

Abbreviations and Symbols used in the “Daily Syllabus

 

HW: Homework

 

DAILY SYLLABUS

 

First Section: Descartes

 

M, Jan. 26. Introduction.

HW: René Descartes: Meditations on the First Philosophy in which the Existence of God and the Real Distinction Between the Soul and the Body of Man Are Demonstrated (1641), the first three meditations, 94-131. (Xerox).

 

W, Jan. 28. God qua genius malignus, the 'I' qua res cogitans, cogito, of the existence of God.

HW. Georges Van Den Abbeele: "Cartesian Coordinates." [Travel as Metaphor: from Montaigne to Rousseau, 39-61.] (On electronic reserve).

HW. André Bazin: "The Evolution of the Language of Cinema." [Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings, 43-56.] (Xerox).

Find two scenes in two different films (or two sets of two scenes that you compare) that exemplify Bazin's points. 

 

F, Jan. 30. The Cartesian rhetoric of certainty. Students' presentation of film scenes.

HW. Mladen Dolar: "Cogito as the Subject of the Unconscious" [Cogito and the Unconscious, 11-40.]

 

M, Feb. 2. Cogito and the Unconscious.

HW. Robert Pfaller: "Negation and Its Reliabilities: An Empty Subject For Ideology?" [Cogito and the Unconscious, 225-246.]

 

T, Feb. 3. Film screening: Orson Welles: The Stranger (1946).

 

W, Feb. 4. Cogito and Ideology.

HW. Slavoj Zizek: "Four Discourses, Four Subjects" [Cogito and the Unconscious, 74-113.]

 

F, Feb. 6. Cogito and Sexuality.

HW. Slavoj Zizek: "The Cartesian Subject Versus the Cartesian Theater" [Cogito and the Unconscious, 247-274.]

 

M, Feb. 9. Cogito, deconstruction, and beyond, or, German Idealism.

HW. Kaja Silverman: "On Suture." [Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings, 137-147.] (Xerox).

Slavoj Zizek: "'In His Bold Gaze my Ruin Is Writ Large,'" from section "From I to a" to the end of the chapter. [Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Lacan…, 223-263 plus endnotes.]

 

T, Feb. 10. Film Screening: Alfred Hitchcock: Psycho (1960).

 

Second Section: Kant

 

W, Feb. 11. Psycho, The Lady Vanishes (1938), Murder (1930).

HW. Immanuel Kant: Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, the section: "Preamble on the Peculiarities of All Metaphysical Cognition," §1-§4, 11-20.

 

F, Feb. 13.

HW. Immanuel Kant: Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, the sections: "The General Question: How Is Cognition From Pure Reason Possible?" and "How is Metaphysics in General Possible?" 20-24 and 69-90.

 

M, Feb. 16.

HW. Immanuel Kant: Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics: "Conclusion: On the Determination of the Bounds of Pure Reason," 91-104.

 

T, Feb. 17. Film Screening: Marcel Carné: The Children of Paradise (1944).

 

W, Feb. 18.

HW. Gilles Deleuze: "Introduction: The Transcendental Method," "The Relationship of the Faculties in the Critique of Pure Reason," the first three sections of "The Relationship of the Faculties in the Critique of Practical Reason," and "Preface: On Four Poetic Formulas Which Might Summarize the Kantian Philosophy"  [Kant's Critical Philosophy, 1-35 and vii-xiii.]

 

F, Feb. 20.

HW. Gilles Deleuze: "The Relationship of the Faculties in the Critique of Judgment," and "Conclusion: The Ends of Reason" [Kant's Critical Philosophy, 46-75.]

 

M, Feb. 23.

HW. Joan Copjec: "Sex and the Euthanasia of Reason." [Read My Desire: Lacan Against the Historicists, 201-236 and endnotes.]

 

T, Feb. 24. Film Screening: Alfred Hitchcock: Rear Window (1954).

 

W, Feb. 25.

HW. Miran Bozovic: "The Man Behind His Own Retina" [Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Lacan…, 161-177.]

 

F, Feb. 27.

HW. Slavoj Zizek: "Cogito and the Sexual Difference" [Tarrying with the Negative: Kant, Hegel, and the Critique of Ideology, 45-80.]

 

M, Mar. 1.

HW. Immanuel Kant: "Was ist Aufklärung? [What Is Enlightenment?]" [Michel Foucault: The Politics of Truth, 7-20.]

Michel Foucault: "What Is Critique?" the first section [The Politics of Truth, 23-36.]

 

T, Mar. 2: Film Screening: Abel Gance: Napoleon (1927). First Part.

 

W, Mar. 3.

 HW. Michel Foucault: "What Is Critique?" the second and third sections [The Politics of Truth, 36-61.]

 

F, Mar. 5.

HW. Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno: "The Concept of Enlightenment" [Dialectic of Enlightenment, 3-42.]

 

M, Mar. 8.

HW. Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno: "Odysseus or Myth and Enlightenment?" [Dialectic of Enlightenment, 43-80.]

 

T, Mar. 9. Film Screening: Abel Gance: Napoleon (1927). Second Part.

 

W, Mar. 10.

HW. Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno: "The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception" [Dialectic of Enlightenment, 120-167.]

 

F, Mar. 12.

HW. Immanuel Kant: Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and the Sublime, the first two sections, 45-75.

Laura Mulvey: "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema" [Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen (Eds.): Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings, 833-844.] (Xerox.)

 

Sa, Mar. 13—So. Mar. 21. Mid-Term Break

 

M, Mar. 22.

HW. Immanuel Kant: Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and the Sublime, the third and fourth sections, 76-116.

 

T, Mar. 23. Film screening: Alfred Hitchcock: Vertigo (1958).

 

Third Section: Hegel

 

W, Mar. 24.

HW. G. W. F. Hegel: "II. Perception: Or the Thing and Deception" and "III. Force and the Understanding: Appearance and the Supersensible World" [Phenomenology of Spirit, 67-103.]

 

F, Mar. 26.

HW. Alexandre Kojève: "In Place of an Introduction" [Introduction to the Reading of Hegel, 3-30.]

 

M, Mar. 29.

HW. G. W. F. Hegel: "IV. The Truth of Self-Certainty" and "VI. Spirit" [Phenomenology of Spirit, 104-119 and 263-278.]

 

T, Mar. 30: Film Screening: Joseph Losey: The Servant (1963).

 

W, Mar. 31.

HW. Alexandre Kojève: "Summary of the First Six Chapters of the Phenomenology of Spirit" [Introduction to the Reading of Hegel, 31-70.]

 

F, Apr. 2.

HW. G. W. F. Hegel: "II. The Enlightenment" [Phenomenology of Spirit, 328-355.]

 

M, Apr. 5.

HW. Alexandre Kojève: "The Dialectic of the Real and the Phenomenological Method in Hegel," from the beginning to "…or nondialectical method" and from "In agreement with Aristotle…" to "…to them, or free." [Introduction to the Reading of Hegel, 169-195 and 224-235.]

 

T, Apr. 6. Film Screening: Federico Fellini: 8 1/2 (1963).

 

W, Apr. 7.

HW. G. W. F. Hegel: "III. Absolute Freedom and Terror" and "Conscience. The 'beautiful soul,' Evil and its Forgiveness" [Phenomenology of Spirit, 355-365 and 383-409.]

Christian Metz: "Identification and Mirror" [Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen (Eds.): Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings, 800-817.]

 

F, Apr. 9. Good Friday: Day Off.

 

M, Apr. 12.

HW. Slavoj Zizek: "Hegel's 'Logic of Essence' as a Theory of Ideology" [Tarrying with the Negative, 125-161.]

 

T. Apr. 13: Film Screening: Martin Scorsese: Taxi Driver (1976).

 

W, Apr. 14.

HW. Paul de Man: "Hegel on the Sublime" and "Kant's Materialism" [Aesthetic Ideology, 105-118 and 119-128.]

 

F, Apr. 16.

HW. Jacques Derrida: From Restricted to General Economy: A Hegelianism without Reserve" [Writing and Difference, 251-277.]

 

M, Apr. 19.

HW. Jacques Lacan: "The Symbolic Universe" and "A Materialist Definition of the Phenomenon of Consciousness"  [Book II: The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, 27-52.]

 

T, Apr. 20: Film Screening: Orson Welles: The Trial (1963).

 

W, Apr. 21.

HW. Jacques Lacan: "Homeostasis and Insistence" "Freud, Hegel, and the Machine" [[Book II: The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, 53-76.]

 

F, Apr. 23.

HW. Jacques Lacan: "The Circuit" [Book II: The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, 77-90.]

 

Fourth Section: Marx

 

M, Apr. 26.

HW. Linda Schulte-Sasse: Courtier, Vampire, or Vermin? Jew Süss's Contradictory Effort to Render the 'Jew' Other" [Entertaining the Third Reich: Illusions of Wholeness in Nazi Cinema, 47-91.] (On reserve).

 

T, Apr. 27: Film Screening: Veit Harlan: Jew Süss (1940).

 

W, Apr. 28.

HW. Karl Marx: "Chapter 1: The Commodity" and "Chapter 4: The General Formula for Capital" [Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume 1, 125-177 and 247-257.] (Chapter 1 on reserve, chapter 4 Xeroxed.)

 

F, Apr. 30.

HW. Georg Simmel: "The Development of the Purely Symbolic Character of Money" and "Reality and Pure Concepts" [The Philosophy of Money, 146-152 and 165-168.] (On reserve and Xerox, respectively.)

Alfred Sohn-Rethel: "Can there be Abstraction other than by Thought?" "The Commodity Abstraction," and "The Phenomenon of the Exchange of Abstraction" [Intellectual and Manual Labour: A Critique of Epistemology, 17-29.]

Honoré de Balzac: Sarrasine, from the beginning to "…its little secrets" [Roland Barthes. S/Z, 221-224.] (Xerox.)

Roland Barthes: "XIX: Index, Sign, Money" [S/Z, 39-40.]

Kojin Karatani: "Money," "On Rules," "Selling," "Merchant Capital," "Credit," and "Afterword" [Architecture as Metaphor: Language, Number, Money, 67-71, 133-141, 159-187, and endnotes.]

 

M, May. 3. Students Evaluations.