astrocyte: a glial cell that provides nutrients and other substances for neurons of the CNS

cannula:

centrifuge: a device that spins test tubes really fast to separate cells from a liquid medium. The cells, which are more dense, sink to the bottom.

cerebral cortex: the outermost layer of the brain

computerized tomography(CT) scan: Use of a computer to analyze data obtained from a scanning beam of X-rays

craniostomy: surgical procedure of drilling or cutting open the skull

cytokines:

differentiation: the process of cell division and development that gives rise to different types of cells

dura mater: the outermost layer of tissue that encases the CNS

flow cytometry: the process of identifying cells using a battery of antibodies for specific cell markers

glia: the supporting cells if the CNS

growth factor: chemicals in the body that direct cell growth and development

oligodendrocyte: a type of glia that forms myelin sheaths around the axons of neurons

plasticity:

phenotype: the outward expression of a gene

stereotaxic apparatus: a device that permits a surgeon to position an electrode or other device into a specific part of the brain

subependymal cells: the cells adjacent and below the ventricles; source of neural stem cells

subventricular zone: see subependymal cells

ventricle: fluid-filled chamber in the brain