{"id":8667,"date":"2026-04-15T11:24:55","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T17:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/?page_id=8667"},"modified":"2026-06-04T13:49:36","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T19:49:36","slug":"descriptive-links","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/academic-technology-services-2\/digital-accessibility-guidelines\/descriptive-links\/","title":{"rendered":"Descriptive Links"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The What<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are multiple ways to add hyperlinks to digital media. The easiest is to just copy and paste the hyperlink from the address bar into your document (email, etc.). However, this is one of the least accessible methods to use! Instead, the hyperlink should be embedded into text that describes the hyperlink&#8217;s purpose or where it leads\u2014this creates a &#8220;descriptive link,&#8221; and it&#8217;s the most accessible way to share hyperlinks in digital media.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"callout-feature-text block-container\" >\n    <div class=\"callout-feature-text__inner\">\n        <div class=\"callout-feature-text__container\">\n            <div class=\"callout-feature-text__feature-wrapper\">\n                <div class=\"callout-feature-text__feature-card\">\n                    <div class=\"base-lockup\">\n                                                                            <h2 class=\"base-lockup__heading\">Applying the Concept<\/h2>\n                                                                            <p class=\"base-lockup__copy\">There are descriptive links in both <b>Level 1: Making a Start<\/b> and <b>Level 2: Refining Your Approach<\/b>, after the paragraphs of prose. These links are highly stylized, so they may look different from the descriptive links you&#8217;ll create in your own media, but the concept is the same: you can tell where each link leads, or the purpose of each link, based on its reader-facing text.<\/p>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                     <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The How<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Level 1: Making a Start<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As mentioned above, hyperlinks need a little more attention than merely being copied and pasted directly into digital media. These &#8220;naked links&#8221; are cumbersome for screen readers (imagine having to read the entire hyperlink out loud before moving on in the sentence\u2014not a lot of fun!) and create visual clutter that can be distracting for sighted readers. Instead, you&#8217;ll want to embed the hyperlink in descriptive text. Easy, right?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another common issue we often see is links labeled &#8220;link,&#8221; &#8220;read,&#8221; &#8220;listen,&#8221; etc. When we talk about descriptive links, we&#8217;re specifically talking about embedding links in text that describes where the links are going (not just the fact that there&#8217;s a link). Partly, this helps screen reader users, who can pull up a list of all links on a page. If every link is labeled &#8220;link&#8221; (etc.), it&#8217;s harder to determine where each link leads. This also helps reduce cognitive load for all readers, since they know what to expect when clicking each link.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use the links below to learn how to create descriptive links across a variety of software.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"link-group block-container\" >\n        <div class=\"link-group__links-row\">\n        <ul class=\"link-group__link link-group__link--\">\n        \t                <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BeH4K_IC6Kg\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in Microsoft Word\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                            <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/w9s2pvC0Zjc\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in Google Docs\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                            <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BaLwCGV4UQ0\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in Moodle\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                            <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Zw-2L5k_pTY\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in Gmail\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                            <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/VM89KpGHYn8\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in PowerPoint\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                            <li class=\"link-group__link-item\">\n                    <a class=\"base-cta-featured\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ULUU8PaFOlU\" target=\"_self\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    Creating Descriptive Links in Google Slides\n\t\t\t\t\t    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"base-symbol base-cta-featured__arrow\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    <use xlink:href=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/macalester-2020\/dist\/svgs\/symbol-arrow.svg#icon\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Level 2: Refining Your Approach<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Feeling ready to add a few more considerations? You can increase your accessibility even further by: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>linking to each location only once per page<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>linking the title (only) within formal citations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>including the media type or source in parentheses in your link text<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>having links open in the same tab or window<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>expanding the concept of descriptive links to file names<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s dig into these further. Linking to each location only once per page helps keep link lists less cluttered for screen reader users. It can also ward off the confusion a reader may have when they see two links that seemingly go to the same place. Thinking about screen reader users again, we link only the title in formal citations so screen reader users don&#8217;t have to listen to the entire citation just to get to the resource.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Including the media type or source in your link text isn&#8217;t strictly part of adhering to standard web content accessibility guidelines, but it can be helpful for all readers. Screen reader users get a quick sense of the kind of digital platform or media they&#8217;re about to visit (website, pdf, etc.). Readers with cognitive disabilities, ADHD, stress, and trauma also benefit from the reduction in cognitive load that comes from links explicitly stating this additional aspect of where they lead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In almost all cases, setting links to open in the same tab or window (i.e., not open in a new tab\/window) is the most accessible choice. New tabs and windows can increase confusion for users with low vision or cognitive disabilities, or who are using screen readers. For instance, if someone with low vision doesn&#8217;t notice that a new tab or window has opened, they may get &#8220;stuck&#8221; when they try to use the back function and nothing happens. If someone wants to open the link in a new tab, they can always right-click\/secondary-select the link and choose that option. One of the only times you will want to set links to open in a new tab or window is when you&#8217;re linking away from a form or process that will be disrupted by the page change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The next level of creating helpful labeling involves writing descriptive file names. If a student encounters a lovely, descriptive link in Moodle and then downloads a file whose name is an awkward jumble of letters and numbers, they&#8217;re less likely to recognize that file as related to the pretty title in Moodle. They&#8217;ll also have a harder time identifying it in the future. Being considerate about file naming helps all readers have a more positive experience interacting with your files.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The What There are multiple ways to add hyperlinks to digital media. The easiest is to just copy and paste the hyperlink from the address bar into your document (email, etc.). However, this is one of the least accessible methods to use! Instead, the hyperlink should be embedded into text that describes the hyperlink&#8217;s purpose [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1419,"featured_media":0,"parent":8515,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8667","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1419"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8667"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9009,"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8667\/revisions\/9009"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.macalester.edu\/its\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}